Plasma Biochemical Responses in Fishes (Oreochromis niloticus and Clarias gariepinus) exposed to Different Regimes of Salinity and pH
Abstract
Aquatic organisms often undergo marked blood biochemical responses triggered by exposure to environmental or physiological stressors. The present study investigated the effect of environmental stress due to different regimes of salinity and pH on the enzymes of liver function [Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)] activities in the plasma of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus and African mud catfish, Clarias gariepinus. Fishes (O. niloticus and C. gariepinus) were exposed singly to 4, 6, and 8 ‰ regimes of salinity and 4, 6, and 8 pH regimes in a semi-static renewal system for a period of 7, 14 and 21 days. Significant differences (p<0.05) in the biochemical responses (AST, ALT, ALP and LDH) of O. niloticus and C. gariepinus to different regimes of salinity and pH compared to the control at days 7, 14, and 21 were found in most experimental groups. The results obtained showed that the biochemical responses increased significantly with concentration and duration of exposure thus reflecting the effect of stress as a result of changes in salinity and pH on the plasma biochemical composition of the fishes. The study confirmed that the activities and expression levels of AST, ALT, ALP and LDH can be used as biomarkers to indicate potential damages triggered by stress related environmental factors.
Copyright (c) 2020 Olusegun B. Samuel, Mitchelle C. Agonsi, Adewale M. Adekunle
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